Carlina 5 mg Tablet contains Linagliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, developed by Radiant Pharmaceuticals Ltd. in Bangladesh. It is prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults, particularly when diet and exercise alone are insufficient or when metformin is contraindicated due to renal impairment or intolerance. Linagliptin works by inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, which degrades incretin hormones like GLP-1 and GIP. By preventing this degradation, Linagliptin increases the concentrations of active incretin hormones, thereby enhancing insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and suppressing glucagon release from alpha cells in a glucose-dependent manner