Ciprofloxacin 500 mg is an antibiotic medication used to treat various bacterial infections. As a member of the fluoroquinolone class, it works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes that are essential for the replication, transcription, and repair of bacterial DNA. This prevents bacteria from reproducing and helps control the infection. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg is commonly prescribed for infections of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, bones, joints, and certain types of gastrointestinal infections. It can also be used for conditions like sinusitis, pneumonia, and infections caused by E. coli or other susceptible bacteria. Ciprofloxacin is available in oral tablet form and is typically taken twice daily for a prescribed duration, depending on the infection being treated. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage to avoid potential resistance and side effects.